Quantum, Relativity & Forces Explained | Pixelated Physics

8 articles

Pixel-art diamond-shaped Penrose diagram of glowing light-ray lines in a violet night sky, with a lone traveller on a hilltop

Penrose Diagrams Explained: All of Spacetime on...

How do you draw the whole of space and time, out to infinity, on one sheet of paper? Roger Penrose found a way: shrink distances but keep every angle, so...

Penrose Diagrams Explained: All of Spacetime on...

How do you draw the whole of space and time, out to infinity, on one sheet of paper? Roger Penrose found a way: shrink distances but keep every angle, so...

A blue giant star losing a stream of gas to a glowing accretion disk around an unseen black hole

How Do We Know Black Holes Exist if We Cannot S...

A black hole gives off no light of its own, so how can anyone claim to have found one? Through four independent lines of evidence: X-ray binaries like Cygnus X-1,...

How Do We Know Black Holes Exist if We Cannot S...

A black hole gives off no light of its own, so how can anyone claim to have found one? Through four independent lines of evidence: X-ray binaries like Cygnus X-1,...

A black hole shadow ringed by a bright photon ring, with its glowing accretion disk lensed around it

What Is the Photon Sphere, and What Did the Eve...

Near a black hole there is a radius where gravity bends light into a circle: the photon sphere, at r = 3GM/c² for a non-spinning hole. It is unstable, so...

What Is the Photon Sphere, and What Did the Eve...

Near a black hole there is a radius where gravity bends light into a circle: the photon sphere, at r = 3GM/c² for a non-spinning hole. It is unstable, so...

Blue-white gas from a torn star stretched into a thin stream spiralling into a black hole's glowing accretion disk

What Is Spaghettification? Tidal Forces Near a ...

Spaghettification is the stretching of an object by tidal forces: gravity pulls harder on the near end than the far end. Near a stellar-mass black hole it would tear a...

What Is Spaghettification? Tidal Forces Near a ...

Spaghettification is the stretching of an object by tidal forces: gravity pulls harder on the near end than the far end. Near a stellar-mass black hole it would tear a...

Black hole with faint Hawking radiation drifting away over a dark plain

Stephen Hawking: What Did He Predict, and What ...

Hawking’s 1974 prediction that black holes radiate is central theoretical physics — and still unobserved in astrophysical black holes. Analogue experiments are not detections. The information paradox is open. Penrose’s...

Stephen Hawking: What Did He Predict, and What ...

Hawking’s 1974 prediction that black holes radiate is central theoretical physics — and still unobserved in astrophysical black holes. Analogue experiments are not detections. The information paradox is open. Penrose’s...

An open book being torn into glowing pixel fragments as it falls into a black hole's fiery accretion disk

What Is the Black Hole Information Paradox? Whe...

If black holes evaporate into featureless heat, what happens to everything that fell in? Here is Hawking’s paradox, the Page curve that turned it into a calculation, the recent “island”...

What Is the Black Hole Information Paradox? Whe...

If black holes evaporate into featureless heat, what happens to everything that fell in? Here is Hawking’s paradox, the Page curve that turned it into a calculation, the recent “island”...