Character codex

  • Airy Disk Hoodie

    능력
    A circular aperture can't focus light to a point; diffraction turns a point of light into a bright central disk with faint rings.
    방정식
    \[I(x) = I_0\left(\frac{2J_1(x)}{x}\right)^2,\qquad x = \frac{\pi D\sin\theta}{\lambda}\]
    연도
    1835
    과학자
    George Biddell Airy
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Arnold's Cat

    능력
    Each step stretches the picture in one direction and squeezes it in another, keeping its area, so the cat quickly turns to noise.
    방정식
    \[\Gamma:\ (x, y) \mapsto (x + y,\ x + 2y) \bmod 1\]
    연도
    1968
    과학자
    Vladimir Arnold
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Azurwake

    능력
    A charged particle moving through a medium faster than light travels in that medium emits light in a cone, like a sonic boom.
    방정식
    \[\cos\theta = \frac{1}{n\beta}, \qquad \beta > \frac{1}{n}\]
    연도
    1937
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Beats Hoodie

    능력
    Two tones with nearly equal frequencies add up to a single tone at their average frequency whose loudness swells and fades.
    방정식
    \[x = \cos(2\pi f_1 t)+\cos(2\pi f_2 t) = 2\cos(\pi\Delta f\, t)\cos(2\pi\bar f\, t)\]
    연도
    1863
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Bifurcation Hoodie

    능력
    The logistic map is a single line of arithmetic, yet as r increases its long-term value splits into 2, 4, 8 values and then becomes chaotic.
    방정식
    \[x_{n+1} = r\,x_n(1-x_n)\]
    연도
    1976
    과학자
    Mitchell Feigenbaum
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Bifurcor

    능력
    A magnetic field that changes with height pushes on an atom's magnetic moment.
    방정식
    \[F_z = \mu_z\,\frac{\partial B_z}{\partial z}\]
    연도
    1922
    분야
    Quantum

  • Blackbody Hoodie

    능력
    Planck's law gives how bright a blackbody shines at each wavelength for a given temperature.
    방정식
    \[B_\lambda(T) = \frac{2hc^2}{\lambda^5}\,\frac{1}{e^{hc/\lambda k_BT} - 1}\]
    연도
    1901
    과학자
    Max Planck
    분야
    Heat & Entropy

  • Bose-Einstein Condensate 1995 Tee

    능력
    Cool atoms until their quantum waves are as wide as the spaces between them, and thousands of them fall into the same lowest-energy state and act as one.
    방정식
    \[\lambda_{\mathrm{dB}} = \frac{h}{\sqrt{2\pi m k_B T}}\]
    연도
    1995
    과학자
    Eric Cornell, Carl Wieman, Wolfgang Ketterle
    분야
    Quantum

  • Brachistochrone Hoodie

    능력
    The fastest slide between two points under gravity is not a straight line but a cycloid, the curve traced by a point on a rolling wheel.
    방정식
    \[x = R(\theta - \sin\theta),\qquad y = R(1 - \cos\theta)\]
    연도
    1696
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Bremsella

    능력
    Any accelerating charge radiates.
    방정식
    \[P = \frac{q^2 a^2}{6\pi\varepsilon_0 c^3}\]
    연도
    1897
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Brownian Motion Hoodie

    능력
    A pollen grain in water is knocked around by countless molecules, so it wanders randomly with no memory of its previous step.
    방정식
    \[\langle r^2\rangle = 4Dt\quad\text{(2D)}\]
    연도
    1905
    과학자
    Albert Einstein
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter, Heat & Entropy

  • Casimira

    능력
    Quantum vacuum fluctuations between two close, parallel, uncharged metal plates are restricted, so the plates are pulled together.
    방정식
    \[\frac{F}{A} = -\frac{\pi^2\hbar c}{240\,d^4}\]
    연도
    1948
    분야
    Quantum

  • Catenary Hoodie

    능력
    A chain hanging freely under its own weight takes the shape of a hyperbolic cosine, the catenary.
    방정식
    \[y = a\cosh(x/a)\]
    연도
    1691
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Caustic Hoodie

    능력
    Light reflecting off the inside of a cup gathers along a bright curve, a caustic, where many reflected rays bunch together.
    방정식
    \[x = \tfrac{R}{4}\left(3\cos t-\cos 3t\right)\]
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Chandrasekhar Limit Tee: 1.4 M☉

    능력
    In a white dwarf, electrons refuse to share quantum states and push back, holding the star up.
    방정식
    \[M_{\mathrm{Ch}} = \frac{\omega_3^{0}\sqrt{3\pi}}{2}\left(\frac{\hbar c}{G}\right)^{3/2}\frac{1}{(\mu_e m_H)^{2}} \approx \frac{5.8\,M_\odot}{\mu_e^{2}}\]
    연도
    1931
    과학자
    Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Condensa

    능력
    Below a critical temperature, a gas of bosons starts collecting in its lowest quantum state.
    방정식
    \[\frac{N_0}{N} = 1 - \left(\frac{T}{T_c}\right)^{3/2}\quad(T\le T_c)\]
    연도
    1925
    분야
    Quantum

  • Corekeeper

    능력
    Yukawa proposed that nucleons attract by exchanging a massive particle.
    방정식
    \[V(r) = -\frac{g^{2}}{4\pi}\frac{e^{-r/\lambda}}{r}, \qquad \lambda = \frac{\hbar}{m_\pi c}\]
    연도
    1935
    과학자
    Murray Gell-Mann, Richard Feynman
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Coriolix

    능력
    In a rotating frame, moving objects appear to be pushed sideways by the Coriolis term, −2Ω × v.
    방정식
    \[\mathbf{a}' = -2\,\boldsymbol{\Omega}\times\mathbf{v}' - \boldsymbol{\Omega}\times(\boldsymbol{\Omega}\times\mathbf{r}')\]
    연도
    1835
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Cryo Fault

    능력
    Griffith showed that a crack grows when the elastic energy it releases is enough to pay for the new surface it creates.
    방정식
    \[\sigma_f = \sqrt{\frac{2E\gamma_s}{\pi a}}\]
    연도
    1921
    과학자
    Alan Arnold Griffith
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter, Heat & Entropy

  • Dark Matter Host

    능력
    When two galaxy clusters collided in the Bullet Cluster, their hot gas slammed together and stalled, but bent background light shows most of the mass sailed on with the galaxies.
    방정식
    \[v(r)^{2} = \frac{G M(r)}{r} \;\Rightarrow\; M(r) = \frac{v^{2} r}{G}\]
    연도
    1937
    과학자
    Albert Einstein, Isaac Newton, Vera Rubin
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Decay Dancer

    능력
    A free neutron decays into a proton, an electron and an antineutrino, because one down quark turns into an up quark by emitting a W boson.
    방정식
    \[n \to p + e^{-} + \bar\nu_e\]
    연도
    1934
    과학자
    Enrico Fermi
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Decoherex

    능력
    The off-diagonal terms in a density matrix carry the ability to interfere.
    방정식
    \[\rho_{01}(t) = \rho_{01}(0)\,e^{-t/\tau_D}\]
    연도
    1970
    과학자
    Wojciech Zurek
    분야
    Quantum

  • Diagonix

    능력
    A polarizer passes the fraction cos²θ of already-polarized light.
    방정식
    \[I = I_0\cos^2\theta\]
    연도
    1809
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Diffraction Hoodie

    능력
    X-rays reflecting from successive planes of atoms in a crystal add up only when the extra path between planes is a whole number of wavelengths.
    방정식
    \[n\lambda = 2d\sin\theta\]
    연도
    1913
    과학자
    William Lawrence Bragg
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Double Pendulum Hoodie

    능력
    Two pendulums hinged together follow exactly from one Lagrangian with no randomness at all.
    방정식
    \[L = ml^2\left[\dot\theta_1^2 + \tfrac12\dot\theta_2^2 + \dot\theta_1\dot\theta_2\cos(\theta_1-\theta_2)\right] + mgl\left(2\cos\theta_1 + \cos\theta_2\right)\]
    연도
    1788
    과학자
    Joseph-Louis Lagrange
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter, Forces & Fields

  • Double Slit Hoodie

    능력
    Light from two slits interferes, giving bright stripes wherever the path difference is a whole number of wavelengths.
    방정식
    \[I(\theta) = I_0\cos^2\!\left(\frac{\pi d\sin\theta}{\lambda}\right)\mathrm{sinc}^2\!\left(\frac{\pi a\sin\theta}{\lambda}\right)\]
    연도
    1804
    과학자
    Thomas Young
    분야
    Quantum

  • Drum Mode Hoodie

    능력
    A drumhead fixed at its rim can only vibrate in certain shapes, each a Bessel function in radius times a cosine in angle.
    방정식
    \[\nabla^2 u = \frac{1}{c^2}\frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial t^2}\]
    연도
    1829
    과학자
    Siméon Denis Poisson
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Einstein Ring Hoodie

    능력
    A mass lying exactly between us and a distant source bends the source's light into a ring.
    방정식
    \[\beta = \theta - \frac{\theta_E^2}{\theta}\]
    연도
    1936
    과학자
    Albert Einstein
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Eventide Prophet

    능력
    Hawking showed that black holes glow faintly, with a temperature that goes down as their mass goes up.
    방정식
    \[T_H = \frac{\hbar c^{3}}{8\pi G M k_B}\]
    연도
    1975
    과학자
    Jacob Bekenstein, Stephen Hawking
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Exclusor

    능력
    Electrons are fermions, so their joint wavefunction must change sign when two are swapped.
    방정식
    \[\psi(x_1,x_2) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\begin{vmatrix} \phi_a(x_1) & \phi_b(x_1) \\ \phi_a(x_2) & \phi_b(x_2) \end{vmatrix}\]
    연도
    1925
    과학자
    Wolfgang Pauli
    분야
    Quantum

  • Expulsieur

    능력
    A superconductor expels magnetic field from its interior, which a merely perfect conductor would not do.
    방정식
    \[\mathbf{B}_{\text{inside}} = 0\]
    연도
    1935
    분야
    Quantum

  • Feynman Diagram Hoodie

    능력
    When an electron and positron annihilate into a muon pair through a virtual photon, quantum electrodynamics gives the angular pattern 1 + cos²θ.
    방정식
    \[\frac{d\sigma}{d\Omega} = \frac{\alpha^2}{4s}\left(1+\cos^2\theta\right)\]
    연도
    1949
    과학자
    Richard Feynman
    분야
    Forces & Fields, Quantum

  • Field Lines Hoodie

    능력
    Every electric charge produces a field pointing away from it if positive, or toward it if negative, weakening as one over distance squared.
    방정식
    \[\nabla\cdot\mathbf{E} = \frac{\rho}{\varepsilon_0}\]
    연도
    1785
    과학자
    Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • ForceShift

    능력
    A quantum particle facing a barrier higher than its energy has a small chance of appearing on the other side.
    방정식
    \[T \approx e^{-2\kappa L}, \qquad \kappa = \frac{\sqrt{2m(V_0 - E)}}{\hbar}\]
    연도
    1928
    과학자
    George Gamow
    분야
    Quantum

  • Foucault Hoodie

    능력
    The swing plane of a Foucault pendulum appears to turn because the floor rotates with the Earth underneath it.
    방정식
    \[\Omega = \omega_\oplus\sin\phi\]
    연도
    1851
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Graviton Whisper

    능력
    Far from strong sources, Einstein's equations reduce to a wave equation: moving masses send out ripples in spacetime that travel at the speed of light.
    방정식
    \[\Box\,\bar h_{\mu\nu} = -\frac{16\pi G}{c^{4}}\,T_{\mu\nu}\]
    연도
    1916
    과학자
    Matvei Bronstein, Richard Feynman
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Gyrolla

    능력
    A magnetic field bends a charged particle into a circle without changing its speed.
    방정식
    \[q v B = \frac{m v^2}{r} \;\Rightarrow\; r = \frac{m v}{q B}\]
    연도
    1932
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Hadron Brawler

    능력
    The Cornell potential describes the force between a heavy quark and antiquark: Coulomb-like at short range, with an extra term that grows steadily with distance.
    방정식
    \[V(r) = -\frac{4}{3}\frac{\alpha_s \hbar c}{r} + \sigma r\]
    연도
    1975
    과학자
    Murray Gell-Mann
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • I Twist Space Itself

    능력
    Mass curves spacetime, so a ray of light passing the Sun follows a bent path.
    방정식
    \[\alpha = \frac{4GM}{c^{2}b}\]
    연도
    1916
    과학자
    Albert Einstein
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Interfera

    능력
    When a particle can reach the screen by two paths, you add the amplitudes before squaring them, and the cross term creates bright and dark fringes.
    방정식
    \[P = \lvert\psi_1 + \psi_2\rvert^{2} = \lvert\psi_1\rvert^{2} + \lvert\psi_2\rvert^{2} + 2\,\mathrm{Re}\!\left(\psi_1^{*}\psi_2\right)\]
    연도
    1976
    과학자
    Richard Feynman, Thomas Young
    분야
    Quantum

  • Invertia

    능력
    Temperature is defined by how entropy changes when you add energy.
    방정식
    \[\frac{1}{T} = \frac{\partial S}{\partial E} < 0\]
    연도
    1951
    분야
    Heat & Entropy

  • Ising Model Hoodie

    능력
    In the Ising model each spin points up or down and prefers to match its neighbours, while heat tries to scramble them.
    방정식
    \[H = -J\sum_{\langle ij\rangle} s_is_j,\qquad s_i = \pm1\]
    연도
    1944
    과학자
    Lars Onsager
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter, Heat & Entropy

  • Kepler Orbit Hoodie

    능력
    A planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times, which is angular momentum conservation, so it moves fastest when it is closest to the Sun.
    방정식
    \[\frac{dA}{dt} = \frac{L}{2m} = \text{const}\]
    연도
    1609
    과학자
    Johannes Kepler
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter, Forces & Fields

  • Lagrange Points Hoodie

    능력
    In a frame rotating with two orbiting bodies, gravity and the centrifugal effect combine into one effective potential.
    방정식
    \[U = -\frac{1-\mu}{r_1} - \frac{\mu}{r_2} - \frac{x^2+y^2}{2}\]
    연도
    1772
    과학자
    Joseph-Louis Lagrange
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter, Forces & Fields

  • Lenzor

    능력
    A changing magnetic flux induces a voltage, and the induced current always flows so as to oppose the change.
    방정식
    \[\mathcal{E} = -\frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}\]
    연도
    1834
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Libratrix

    능력
    Two bodies orbiting each other have five points where a small third body can keep pace with them.
    방정식
    \[r_{L2} \approx R\left(\frac{M_2}{3M_1}\right)^{1/3}\]
    연도
    1772
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter, Forces & Fields

  • Light Cone Hoodie

    능력
    In spacetime, light travels along a cone that separates events you could reach or be reached from (past and future) from those you can't (elsewhere).
    방정식
    \[ds^2 = c^2dt^2 - dx^2 - dy^2 - dz^2\]
    연도
    1909
    과학자
    Hermann Minkowski
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Lissajous Hoodie

    능력
    Plotting one oscillation against another at right angles traces a Lissajous figure.
    방정식
    \[x = A\sin(3\omega t),\qquad y = B\sin(2\omega t + \pi/2)\]
    연도
    1857
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Mach Cone Hoodie

    능력
    An object moving faster than sound outruns its own sound waves, and they pile up into a cone.
    방정식
    \[\sin\mu = \frac{c}{v} = \frac{1}{M}\]
    연도
    1887
    과학자
    Ernst Mach
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Magnara

    능력
    A spinning ball moving through air is pushed sideways, toward the side where its surface moves with the airflow.
    방정식
    \[\mathbf{F}_M = \alpha\,\boldsymbol{\omega}\times\mathbf{v}\]
    연도
    1853
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Magnetic Dipole Hoodie

    능력
    Magnetic field lines never start or stop, because there are no magnetic charges.
    방정식
    \[\nabla\cdot\mathbf{B} = 0\]
    연도
    1865
    과학자
    James Clerk Maxwell
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Magnetron Twins

    능력
    The energy of two small magnets depends on both their distance and how they are oriented relative to the line joining them.
    방정식
    \[U = -\frac{\mu_0}{4\pi r^{3}}\left[3(\vec m_1\cdot\hat r)(\vec m_2\cdot\hat r) - \vec m_1\cdot\vec m_2\right]\]
    연도
    1873
    과학자
    James Clerk Maxwell
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Moderon

    능력
    A neutron loses the largest share of its energy when it hits a nucleus of about its own mass.
    방정식
    \[\alpha = \left(\frac{A-1}{A+1}\right)^2\]
    연도
    1935
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Muonaut

    능력
    Muons made high in the atmosphere live only about two microseconds, too short to cross the atmosphere at face value.
    방정식
    \[\Delta t = \gamma\,\tau, \qquad L = \frac{L_0}{\gamma}\]
    연도
    1941
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Neutrina Fade

    능력
    A charged particle moving through water faster than light moves in water gives off a cone of blue Cherenkov light, at an angle set by its speed and the refractive index.
    방정식
    \[\cos\theta_C = \frac{1}{n\beta}\]
    연도
    1937
    과학자
    Enrico Fermi, Wolfgang Pauli
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Nodal Lines Hoodie

    능력
    A vibrating plate obeys an equation in which its bending stiffness balances its inertia.
    방정식
    \[D\,\nabla^4 w = \rho h\,\omega^2 w,\qquad D = \frac{E h^3}{12(1-\nu^2)}\]
    연도
    1850
    과학자
    Ernst Chladni
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Null Beacon

    능력
    In a universe whose expansion is speeding up, there is a largest distance from which light sent today can ever reach us: about 16.7 billion light-years.
    방정식
    \[d_{\text{EH}}(t) = a(t)\int_{t}^{\infty} \frac{c\,dt^{\prime}}{a(t^{\prime})}\]
    연도
    1956
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Orbitick

    능력
    GPS clocks feel weaker gravity than clocks on the ground, so they run fast, and their orbital speed makes them run slightly slow.
    방정식
    \[\frac{\Delta f}{f} \approx \frac{\Delta\Phi}{c^2} - \frac{v^2}{2c^2}\]
    연도
    2003
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Oscillayne

    능력
    A damped oscillator driven by a periodic force responds most strongly when the drive is close to its natural frequency.
    방정식
    \[\ddot x + \gamma\dot x + \omega_0^{2}x = \frac{F_0}{m}\cos\omega t\]
    연도
    1877
    과학자
    Galileo Galilei, Thomas Young
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter, Forces & Fields

  • Pendulum Phase Space Hoodie

    능력
    In a pendulum's phase space, small swings trace closed loops, while fast motions go all the way over the top and keep spinning.
    방정식
    \[H = \frac{p^2}{2ml^2} - mgl\cos\theta\]
    연도
    1834
    과학자
    William Rowan Hamilton
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Pendulux

    능력
    A pendulum keeps swinging in a fixed plane while the Earth turns beneath it.
    방정식
    \[\omega_{\text{prec}} = \Omega_\oplus \sin\varphi\]
    연도
    1851
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter, Forces & Fields

  • Penrose Diagram Hoodie

    능력
    A Penrose diagram squeezes an infinite spacetime onto a finite page while keeping light rays at 45 degrees.
    방정식
    \[ds^2 = -\left(1-\frac{2GM}{c^2r}\right)c^2dt^2 + \frac{dr^2}{1-\frac{2GM}{c^2r}} + r^2d\Omega^2\]
    연도
    1916
    과학자
    Roger Penrose
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Photon Sphere Hoodie

    능력
    Near a black hole, gravity bends light so strongly that at one and a half times the event-horizon radius light can travel in a circle, the photon sphere.
    방정식
    \[\frac{d^2u}{d\phi^2} + u = \frac{3GM}{c^2}\,u^2,\qquad u = \frac{1}{r}\]
    연도
    1916
    과학자
    Karl Schwarzschild
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Plasma Drift

    능력
    In a plasma, electrons that are pushed aside spring back and oscillate at the plasma frequency, which depends only on how dense they are.
    방정식
    \[\omega_p = \sqrt{\frac{n_e e^{2}}{\varepsilon_0 m_e}}\]
    연도
    1929
    과학자
    Irving Langmuir
    분야
    Heat & Entropy

  • Poincaré Section Hoodie

    능력
    The Hénon–Heiles potential is a simple model of a star moving in a galaxy.
    방정식
    \[H = \tfrac12\left(p_x^2+p_y^2\right) + \tfrac12\left(x^2+y^2\right) + x^2y - \tfrac13y^3\]
    연도
    1964
    과학자
    Henri Poincaré
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • Primordix

    능력
    In the first minutes after the Big Bang, the ratio of neutrons to protons froze out at a small fixed value.
    방정식
    \[Y_p \simeq \frac{2\,(n/p)}{1 + n/p}\]
    연도
    1966
    분야
    Relativity & Cosmos

  • Probability Cloud Hoodie

    능력
    The electron in hydrogen does not follow an orbit.
    방정식
    \[\psi_{nlm}(r,\theta,\phi) = R_{nl}(r)\,Y_l^m(\theta,\phi)\]
    연도
    1926
    과학자
    Erwin Schrödinger
    분야
    Quantum

  • Projectile Range Hoodie

    능력
    Without air resistance, a projectile's range is v² sin 2θ / g, which is largest at 45 degrees.
    방정식
    \[R = \frac{v^2 \sin 2\theta}{g}\]
    연도
    1638
    분야
    Waves, Chaos & Matter

  • QED Vertex Tee: Alpha Near 1/137

    능력
    Every interaction between light and charged particles is built from one junction where a charged particle meets a photon.
    방정식
    \[-ie\gamma^{\mu}\]
    연도
    1949
    과학자
    Richard Feynman, Julian Schwinger, Sin-Itiro Tomonaga
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Quantum Oscillator Hoodie

    능력
    A quantum spring can only hold energy in equal steps of ħω, and its lowest level still carries half a step.
    방정식
    \[\hat H = \frac{\hat p^2}{2m} + \frac12 m\omega^2\hat x^2\]
    연도
    1925
    과학자
    Werner Heisenberg
    분야
    Quantum

  • Quarkbinders

    능력
    Baryons such as the proton are built from three quarks with three different colour charges, combined so that the whole is colourless.
    방정식
    \[\lvert B\rangle \propto \varepsilon_{ijk}\,\lvert q^{i} q^{j} q^{k}\rangle\]
    연도
    1973
    과학자
    Hideki Yukawa, Murray Gell-Mann, Richard Feynman
    분야
    Forces & Fields

  • Quavo & Lia

    능력
    In the singlet state, two spins always come out opposite when measured along the same axis, yet each one on its own is completely random.
    방정식
    \[\lvert\Psi^{-}\rangle = \tfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\lvert\uparrow\downarrow\rangle - \lvert\downarrow\uparrow\rangle\right)\]
    연도
    1935
    과학자
    Albert Einstein, John Bell
    분야
    Quantum