Physics, Pixelated

Superposed orb jostled by environment particles as its two ghost images separate

What Is Decoherence, and Does It Solve the Meas...

Decoherence is what happens when a quantum system becomes entangled with its surroundings: interference between its alternatives becomes practically invisible. It explains why we never see a pointer in two...

What Is Decoherence, and Does It Solve the Meas...

Decoherence is what happens when a quantum system becomes entangled with its surroundings: interference between its alternatives becomes practically invisible. It explains why we never see a pointer in two...

A planet on an elliptical orbit with the sun at one focus

Newton, Galileo and Kepler: What Each Got Right...

Kepler found that planets follow ellipses with the Sun at a focus. Galileo built the kinematics of free fall and projectile motion. Newton’s Principia united them under universal gravitation and...

Newton, Galileo and Kepler: What Each Got Right...

Kepler found that planets follow ellipses with the Sun at a focus. Galileo built the kinematics of free fall and projectile motion. Newton’s Principia united them under universal gravitation and...

Observatory on a ridge beneath a great spiral galaxy, its outer stars streaking fast

Vera Rubin and Rotation Curves: What She Measur...

Vera Rubin and W. Kent Ford’s 1970 Andromeda survey mapped how orbital speed changes with radius. Outer stars move too fast for the visible mass alone. Whether that means dark...

Vera Rubin and Rotation Curves: What She Measur...

Vera Rubin and W. Kent Ford’s 1970 Andromeda survey mapped how orbital speed changes with radius. Outer stars move too fast for the visible mass alone. Whether that means dark...

Nucleus drawn as nested glowing shells, the closed shells shining brightest

Maria Goeppert Mayer: What Are Nuclear Magic Nu...

Nuclear “magic numbers” are proton or neutron counts that make nuclei unusually stable. Maria Goeppert Mayer and J. Hans D. Jensen explained them with a shell model including spin–orbit coupling;...

Maria Goeppert Mayer: What Are Nuclear Magic Nu...

Nuclear “magic numbers” are proton or neutron counts that make nuclei unusually stable. Maria Goeppert Mayer and J. Hans D. Jensen explained them with a shell model including spin–orbit coupling;...

Cold atom cloud merging into a single glowing wave in a laser trap

Bose and Einstein: What Is a Bose–Einstein Cond...

A Bose–Einstein condensate is a dilute gas of bosons cooled until a macroscopic number share the same quantum ground state. Bose’s 1924 photon statistics and Einstein’s extension set the idea;...

Bose and Einstein: What Is a Bose–Einstein Cond...

A Bose–Einstein condensate is a dilute gas of bosons cooled until a macroscopic number share the same quantum ground state. Bose’s 1924 photon statistics and Einstein’s extension set the idea;...

Coil and magnet, a crackling AC motor and arcs of field lines in a Victorian laboratory

Faraday, Maxwell and Tesla: Who Did What in Ele...

Electromagnetism was not one inventor’s story. Faraday made induction a laboratory fact, Maxwell turned fields into equations that predicted light, and Tesla patented a practical AC motor. Here is who...

Faraday, Maxwell and Tesla: Who Did What in Ele...

Electromagnetism was not one inventor’s story. Faraday made induction a laboratory fact, Maxwell turned fields into equations that predicted light, and Tesla patented a practical AC motor. Here is who...