Niobium's Mixed State
Plate 062 Physics Poster
Plate 62 speaks for itself: “Single quanta.”
The Physics
In a type-II superconductor such as niobium, a magnetic field between B_c1 and B_c2 enters as vortices, each threading exactly one flux quantum, which settle into a hexagonal lattice.
B_c2 = Φ₀ / (2π ξ²)
- B_c2: upper critical field, T
- Φ₀: flux quantum h/2e ≈ 2.068×10⁻¹⁵ Wb
- ξ: coherence length, m
Each vortex carries Φ₀ = h/2e. Hexagonal lattice between B_c1 and B_c2.
Sources
- A. A. Abrikosov, Sov. Phys. JETP 5, 1174 (1957).
- U. Essmann, H. Träuble, Phys. Lett. A 24, 526 (1967).
On the poster
Plate 062, “Niobium's Mixed State”: the pixel-art plate with its slogan “Single quanta.”, the key equation and the facts panel shown above. Pixelated Physics. Physics. Personified.
Shipping calculated at checkout by destinationMade to order, ships in 2–5 business days
Field notes
すべてを表示する-
What Is the Born Rule, and Why Is Probability |...
Quantum mechanics describes a particle with a wavefunction ψ, but experiments record definite clicks. The Born rule is the bridge: the probability of finding the particle is the squared magnitude...
What Is the Born Rule, and Why Is Probability |...
Quantum mechanics describes a particle with a wavefunction ψ, but experiments record definite clicks. The Born rule is the bridge: the probability of finding the particle is the squared magnitude...
-
Is There a Theory of Everything, and What Would...
Physics has a tested theory for three forces and a separate one for gravity, but no accepted theory joining them. The graviton, gravity’s hypothetical carrier particle, has never been seen....
Is There a Theory of Everything, and What Would...
Physics has a tested theory for three forces and a separate one for gravity, but no accepted theory joining them. The graviton, gravity’s hypothetical carrier particle, has never been seen....
-
Why Does the Periodic Table Have the Shape It D...
The periodic table is not a random grid. Its rows hold 2, 8, 8, 18, 18, 32 and 32 elements because electrons fill shells and subshells, and the Pauli exclusion...
Why Does the Periodic Table Have the Shape It D...
The periodic table is not a random grid. Its rows hold 2, 8, 8, 18, 18, 32 and 32 elements because electrons fill shells and subshells, and the Pauli exclusion...
