{"product_id":"mossbra-the-mossbauer-effect-physics-t-shirt","title":"Mossbra – The Mössbauer Effect Physics T-Shirt","description":"\u003cp\u003eMossbra, armoured in crystal, looses a gamma arrow and does not rock back at all. The whole lattice takes the kick for her.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3\u003eThe Physics\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eA free nucleus that emits a gamma ray recoils and steals a little energy, so the photon misses the absorber's resonance. For iron-57's 14.4 keV line the recoil is about 2.0 × 10⁻³ eV, while the natural linewidth is only about 4.6 × 10⁻⁹ eV: the miss is roughly 400 000 linewidths.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRudolf Mössbauer found in 1958, working with iridium-191, that a nucleus bound in a crystal can emit and absorb without recoil. The whole lattice takes the momentum, and with some probability no phonon is created. That gives a line of fractional width about 3 × 10⁻¹³, which made Mössbauer spectroscopy possible.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eE_R = E_γ² \/ (2Mc²)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eE_R: recoil energy of a free nucleus (eV)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eE_γ: gamma-ray energy (eV)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eM: mass of the nucleus (kg)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ec: speed of light (m\/s)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eMössbauer, Z. Phys. 151, 124 (1958). He shared the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHonest caveat:\u003c\/em\u003e Only a fraction of the gammas are recoil-free, not all of them. Even then, the crystal does recoil, just by a negligible amount, because it is so heavy.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3\u003eOn the shirt\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eFront: Mossbra, the pixel-art character, with “NO RECOIL”. Back: the recoil formula, the iron-57 energy scales, the recoil-free crystal note and Mössbauer's 1958 paper. Printed on a unisex tee.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Printify","offers":[{"title":"S \/ White","offer_id":50960505340007,"sku":"22080069632733529928","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"S \/ Black","offer_id":50960505372775,"sku":"18682114461960211925","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"M \/ White","offer_id":50960505405543,"sku":"17816147222786280082","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"M \/ Black","offer_id":50960505438311,"sku":"22507863889991845611","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"L \/ White","offer_id":50960505471079,"sku":"19432604892048967509","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"L \/ Black","offer_id":50960505503847,"sku":"13295231039803914838","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"XL \/ White","offer_id":50960505536615,"sku":"31457905340039369825","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"XL \/ Black","offer_id":50960505569383,"sku":"16464241510723590195","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2XL \/ White","offer_id":50960505602151,"sku":"21528728369061799935","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2XL \/ Black","offer_id":50960505634919,"sku":"69182731222062708842","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3XL \/ White","offer_id":50960505667687,"sku":"28935481259523774191","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3XL \/ Black","offer_id":50960505700455,"sku":"17152973693257043763","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"4XL \/ White","offer_id":50960505733223,"sku":"15272189569026779188","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"4XL \/ Black","offer_id":50960505765991,"sku":"25153918117858663841","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5XL \/ White","offer_id":50960505798759,"sku":"19273550696683064389","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5XL \/ Black","offer_id":50960505831527,"sku":"15912267263844435409","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0596\/8746\/9159\/files\/mossbauer-effect_front_01_white.png?v=1793622513","url":"https:\/\/pixelatedphysics.com\/pt\/products\/mossbra-the-mossbauer-effect-physics-t-shirt","provider":"Pixelated Physics","version":"1.0","type":"link"}