{"product_id":"gallium-anomaly-physics-t-shirt","title":"Gallium Anomaly – Missing Captures \/ Neutrino Physics T-Shirt","description":"\u003cp\u003eA tally that refuses to balance: about 20% fewer gallium captures than predicted.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3\u003eThe Physics\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003ePut a known electron-neutrino source inside gallium and count the germanium-71 atoms it makes. GALLEX and SAGE measured a combined measured\/predicted ratio of 0.87 ± 0.05. BEST measured 0.79 ± 0.05 in its inner volume and 0.77 ± 0.05 in its outer volume, with no evidence of distance dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e⁷¹Ga + ν_e → ⁷¹Ge + e⁻; R = 0.80 ± 0.05 — about 4σ below 1.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e⁷¹Ga and ⁷¹Ge: gallium-71 and germanium-71 nuclei.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eν_e: electron neutrino; e⁻: electron.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eR: measured germanium-71 production rate divided by the predicted rate (dimensionless).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eσ here: standard deviations, expressing statistical significance; not the capture cross-section.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCapture threshold: 232.4 keV (approximately 3.723 × 10⁻¹⁴ J).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGermanium-71 half-life: 987 552 s (11.43 days).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ekeV: kiloelectronvolt; MCi: megacurie, with 1 MCi = 3.7 × 10¹⁶ Bq (decays per second).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHonest caveat:\u003c\/em\u003e These are fewer captures, not a count of “missing neutrinos”. The printed 0.80 ± 0.05 and about 4σ belong together; ratios and significance depend on the capture cross-section used. Sterile neutrinos? Tension with reactor, solar and KATRIN data. A wrong capture cross-section? Still debated. Cadeddu and co-authors’ 2026 nuclear-physics proposal is not independently confirmed. OPEN QUESTION.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3\u003eSources\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBarinov et al. (BEST), Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 232501 (2022), doi:10.1103\/PhysRevLett.128.232501.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBarinov et al., Phys. Rev. C 105, 065502 (2022), doi:10.1103\/PhysRevC.105.065502.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElliott, Gavrin \u0026amp; Haxton, “The gallium anomaly,” Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 134, 104082 (2024), doi:10.1016\/j.ppnp.2023.104082.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCadeddu et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 131805 (2026), doi:10.1103\/5pvf-mcr1 (proposed resolution).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCERN Courier, “Two strikes for the light sterile neutrino” (14 January 2026).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch3\u003eOn the shirt\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eFront:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“MISSING: 20%”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“THE GALLIUM ANOMALY · UNSOLVED”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe missing fraction refers to expected captures. Back:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“THE GALLIUM ANOMALY”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“⁷¹Ga + ν_e → ⁷¹Ge + e⁻   (threshold 232.4 keV; ⁷¹Ge half-life 11.43 days)”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“Put a known neutrino source inside a tank of gallium. Count the germanium atoms it makes.”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“GALLEX and SAGE (1990s, ⁵¹Cr and ³⁷Ar sources): measured\/predicted = 0.87 ± 0.05”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“BEST (Baksan, 2019, 3.414 MCi of ⁵¹Cr, two nested gallium volumes):”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“   inner R = 0.79 ± 0.05     outer R = 0.77 ± 0.05”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“All gallium source experiments combined: 0.80 ± 0.05 - about 4σ below 1.”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“About 20% of the expected captures are missing, near and far alike.”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“Sterile neutrinos? Clash with reactor, solar and KATRIN data. A wrong ⁷¹Ga capture cross-section? Still debated.”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“OPEN QUESTION.”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“Barinov et al. (BEST), Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 232501 (2022); Phys. Rev. C 105, 065502 (2022).”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePrinted front and back. Physics. 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