{"product_id":"three-neutrinos-plate-054-physics-poster","title":"Three Neutrinos – Plate 054 Physics Poster","description":"\u003cp\u003ePlate 54 speaks for itself: \u003cem\u003e“The Z counts three light neutrinos.”\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3\u003eThe Physics\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Z boson's line shape at LEP measures its total width; subtracting the visible decays leaves the invisible width, which counts the light neutrino species.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eN_ν = 2.984 ± 0.008\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eN_ν: number of light neutrino species, dimensionless\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e√s: collision energy near the Z mass 91.19 GeV, GeV\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Z width counts invisible decays. 2- and 4-neutrino curves miss the data.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHonest caveat:\u003c\/em\u003e It counts neutrinos lighter than half the Z mass that couple to the Z; it does not rule out sterile or very heavy ones.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3\u003eSources\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eALEPH, DELPHI, L3, OPAL, SLD, Phys. Rep. 427, 257 (2006).\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch3\u003eOn the poster\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003ePlate 054, “Three Neutrinos”: the pixel-art plate with its slogan “The Z counts three light neutrinos.”, the key equation and the facts panel shown above. Pixelated Physics. Physics. Personified.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Printify","offers":[{"title":"9'' x 12\" (Vertical) \/ Matte","offer_id":50962464276583,"sku":"26071561304798246679","price":19.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"9'' x 12\" (Vertical) \/ Fine Art","offer_id":50962464309351,"sku":"15354157296808055672","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"9'' x 12\" (Vertical) \/ Semi Glossy","offer_id":50962464342119,"sku":"81343823780876850309","price":19.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"18″ x 24″ (Vertical) \/ Fine Art","offer_id":50962464374887,"sku":"31088165158726756713","price":44.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"18″ x 24″ (Vertical) \/ Semi Glossy","offer_id":50962464407655,"sku":"45836632481223266526","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"18″ x 24″ (Vertical) \/ Matte","offer_id":50962464440423,"sku":"25276159509074798378","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"36'' x 48\" (Vertical) \/ Matte","offer_id":50962464473191,"sku":"21062883247779951196","price":69.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"36'' x 48\" (Vertical) \/ Fine Art","offer_id":50962464505959,"sku":"33090667831994804598","price":119.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"36'' x 48\" (Vertical) \/ Semi Glossy","offer_id":50962464538727,"sku":"16090340093365275622","price":69.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0596\/8746\/9159\/files\/9229825209835837035_2048.jpg?v=1793634819","url":"https:\/\/pixelatedphysics.com\/ko\/products\/three-neutrinos-plate-054-physics-poster","provider":"Pixelated Physics","version":"1.0","type":"link"}